Parameter list
Basic parameters
:Cmax
Maximum concentration from dose time to dose time + tau (if tau > 0). Firs observation used.
:Tmax
Time at maximum concentration from dose time to dose time + tau (if tau > 0). Firs observation used.
:Tlag
Time of the last observation below the limit of quantification before the first measurable observation. Calculated for extravascular administration only. If the first observation is measurable, there is no earlier time in the profile and Tlag is set to zero.
:Cdose
By default dose time is 0. If concentration at dose time present in observation list - this concentration will be used. For extravascular setting (:ev) if τ used (τ > 0) Cdose set as minimum concentration from dose time to τ time :Ctaumin, else set equal to zero. For IV (:iv) if 1-st observation > 2-nd observation > 0 then logarithmic extrapolation used, else set equal to 1-st observation.
If dose time falls between sampling points, a point with that time and with the concentration given by the rules above is inserted into the profile, and the area is calculated from it. Concentration at dose time is not interpolated from the neighbouring observations: for extravascular administration without tau it is equal to zero.
AUC / AUMC
Area under Curve / Area under the Moment Curve.
\[AUC = \sum_{n=1}^N AUC_{n}\]
\[AUMC = \sum_{n=1}^N AUMC_{n}\]
Where AUCn/AUMCn- partial AUC/AUMC.
Linear trapezoidal rule
\[AUC\mid_{t_1}^{t_2} = \delta t \times \frac{C_1 + C_2}{2}\]
\[AUMC\mid_{t_1}^{t_2} = \delta t \times \frac{t_1 \times C_1 + t_2 \times C_2}{2}\]
Logarithmic trapezoidal rule
\[AUC\mid_{t_1}^{t_2} = \delta t \times \frac{ C_2 - C_1}{ln(C_2/C_1)}\]
\[AUMC\mid_{t_1}^{t_2} = \delta t \times \frac{t_2 \times C_2 - t_1 \times C_1}{ln(C_2/C_1)} - \delta t^2 \times \frac{ C_2 - C_1}{ln(C_2/C_1)^2}\]
Interpolation
Linear interpolation rule
\[C_x = C_1 + \frac{(t_x-t_1)\times(C_2 - C_1)}{t_2 - t_1}\]
Logarithmic interpolation rule
\[C_x = exp\left(ln(C_1) + \frac{(t_x-t_1)\times(ln(C_2) - ln(C_1))}{t_2 - t_1}\right)\]
:AUClast
Area under the curve from dose time to last observed concentration (>0).
:AUMClast
Area under the Moment Curve from dose time to last observed concentration (>0). Dose time is the starting point for this calculation.
:AUCall
All values used to calculate AUC.
:Kel
𝝺z - elimination constant. Linear regression at the terminal phase used for logarithmic transformed concentration data.
The interval is selected automatically if kelauto = true. Regressions are run over the last three points with non-zero concentration, then over the last four, five and so on. Points prior to Cmax are not used; the Cmax point itself enters the interval for a bolus model (adm = :iv) only. Points with zero concentration are excluded. Of the intervals obtained, the one with the highest adjusted coefficient of determination is taken, and where values agree within 0.0001 the one with more points is taken. The interval bounds returned by getkeldata are the points actually used, with excluded and zero points dropped.
:HL
Half-Life; T1/2
\[HL = ln(2) / \lambda_z\]
:Rsq
Coefficient of determination (R²).
:ARsq
Adjusted coefficient of determination (R²).
:NpLZ
Number of points for elimination calculation.
:MRTlast
Mean residence time (MRT) from the dose time to the time of the last observed concentration.
\[MRT_{last} = AUMC_{last} / AUC_{last}\]
If :Kel calculated
:AUCinf
AUC extrapolated from the last observed concentration to infinity.
\[AUC_\infty = AUC_{last} + \frac{C_{last}}{\lambda_z}\]
:AUMCinf
AUMC extrapolated from the last observed concentration to infinity.
\[AUMC_\infty = AUMC_{last} + \frac{t_{last}\times C_{last}}{\lambda_z} + \frac{C_{last}}{\lambda_z^2}\]
:AUCpct
Percentage of AUCinf due to extrapolation from the last observed concentration to infinity.
\[AUCpct = (AUC_\infty - AUC_{last}) / AUC_\infty * 100 \%\]
:AUCinf_pred
AUC extrapolated to infinity from the predicted concentration.
\[AUC_{\infty pred} = AUC_{last} + \frac{C_{last pred}}{\lambda_z}\]
If Dose used
Clearance
:Cllast
\[CL_{last} = Dose / AUC_{last}\]
:Clinf
Total body clearance for extravascular administration.
\[CL_\infty = Dose / AUC_\infty\]
:Vzinf
Volume of distribution based on the terminal phase.
Steady-state parameters (If τ used)
τ-time = dose_time + τ
:AUCtau
Area under the curve from dose time to τ-time.
:AUMCtau
Area under the Moment Curve from the dose time to τ-time.
:Ctau
Concentration at τ-time.
:Ctaumin
Minimum concentration from the dose time to τ-time.
:Cavg
\[C_{avg} = AUC_\tau / \tau\]
:Fluc
Fluctuation
\[Fluc = ( C_{max} - C_{\tau min} ) / C_{avg} * 100 \%\]
:Fluctau
Fluctuation Tau
\[Fluc\tau = ( C_{max} - C_{\tau} ) / C_{avg} * 100 \%\]
:Accind
Accumulation index.
\[Accind = \frac{1}{1 - exp(-\lambda_z \tau)}\]
:MRTtauinf
\[MRT_{\tau\inf} = \frac{AUMC_\tau + \tau * (AUC_\infty - AUC_\tau)}{AUC_\tau}\]
:MRTtauinf_pred
\[MRT_{\tau\inf} = \frac{AUMC_\tau + \tau * (AUC_{\infty pred} - AUC_\tau)}{AUC_\tau}\]
:Swing
\[Swing = (C_{max} - C_{\tau min}) / C_{\tau min}\]
:Swingtau
\[Swing_{\tau} = (C_{max} - C_{\tau}) / C_{\tau}\]